Feasibility and outcomes of selective tetramodal bladder‐preservation therapy in elderly patients with muscle‐invasive bladder cancer

OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility and functional/oncological outcomes of selective tetramodal bladder-preservation therapy in elderly patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. METHODS This study analyzed 154 patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer who were enrolled into the protocol. After maximal transurethral resection and induction chemoradiotherapy, patients with clinical complete response were offered consolidative partial cystectomy to achieve bladder preservation; otherwise, radical cystectomy was recommended. Postoperative complications, preserved bladder function, and oncological outcomes were compared between elderly (aged ≥75 years) and younger patients (aged