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Improved analysis methods to study the behavior of potassium ions in the interlayer of montmorillonite
- Source :
- Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Vol 9, Iss 4, Pp 7754-7761 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- Elsevier, 2020.
-
Abstract
- The behavior of potassium chloride (KCl) as a main mud shale inhibitor remains poorly defined in the interlayer of montmorillonite (Mt). In this paper, a new analysis method of transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS) was established. The distribution of K+ in the interlayer of Mt and the processes surrounding d-spacing shifts in Mt were investigated through X-ray diffraction and TEM-EDS. The experimental results revealed shoulder peaks in the diffraction patterns at KCl concentrations between 11% and 19%. The distribution of K+ varied in the inner and outer layers of Mt with different KCl concentrations. It could be concluded that the distribution of K+ and the changes in d-spacing of Na are determined by two factors: negative charge sites and concentration difference. When the KCl concentration was below 8%, both factors cause the outer layer of Mt to adsorb more K+ than the inner layer, with all layers exhibiting d-spacings within the 1.50 nm state. At an 8% KCl concentration, all negative charge sites were occupied by K+. As the KCl concentration rose above 8%, the outer layer of Mt adsorbed more K+ than the inner layer due to the concentration difference. With a further increase in the KCl concentration, the d-spacing shifted linearly to 1.30 nm from the outer to the inner layer of Mt. All layers of Mt exhibited a d-spacing of 1.30 nm at KCl concentrations of up to 23%. These results demonstrate the benefits and capabilities of the proposed method in investigating the intercalating mechanisms of Mt.
- Subjects :
- Diffraction
lcsh:TN1-997
Materials science
Potassium
Intercalation (chemistry)
Analytical chemistry
chemistry.chemical_element
02 engineering and technology
Electron
01 natural sciences
Biomaterials
chemistry.chemical_compound
Adsorption
Interaction mechanism
0103 physical sciences
Spectroscopy
lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Montmorillonite
010302 applied physics
Metals and Alloys
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Shale
Surfaces, Coatings and Films
chemistry
Potassium chloride
Analysis methods
Ceramics and Composites
0210 nano-technology
Layer (electronics)
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 22387854
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Materials Research and Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....3f7abaad0931d433a44e0fa49d1ed9ab