Expression and Clinical Significance of Immune Checkpoint Regulator B7-H3 (CD276) in Human Meningioma

Background The high expression across multiple tumor types and restricted expression in normal tissues make B7-H3 an attractive target for immunotherapy. So far, little is known about the clinical significance of B7-H3 expression in meningiomas. We conducted this study to address this issue in a cohort of 242 patients from a single institution. Methods Expression profiles of immune checkpoint proteins (programmed death-ligand 1, B7-H3, lymphocyte activation gene-3, programmed death 1, and V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation) were explored by immunohistochemistry in a meningioma test cohort (n = 8). Role of B7-H3 expression was further assessed in an expanded patient cohort (n = 234) using immunohistochemical tissue microarray analysis. Results B7-H3 expression was significantly greater than all immune checkpoint proteins studied in the tested cohort. B7-H3 was detected with different degrees in all meningioma specimens, predominantly on tumor cell membranes and in cytoplasm. Tumors were classified as B7-H3 high or low group depending on immunohistochemistry histoscore (median histoscore 111.06; range, 7.313–212.008). B7-H3 expression was statistically correlated with patient sex (P = 0.0297), tumor histopathologic subtypes (P = 0.0262), and radiotherapy after surgery (P = 0.0028). However, no significant differences were observed in patient age, tumor location, and grade and extent of resection between groups. Similarly, there was no significant difference in progression-free survival and overall survival between B7-H3 high and low group. Conclusions Our study indicates variable expression and clinical role of B7-H3 in meningiomas, suggesting its potential as an immunotherapeutic target in the future.