Water-based slow injection ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction for the determination of deoxynivalenol and de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol in maize and pork samples

A novel water-based slow injection ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (SI-USAEME) method followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was developed for the rapid pretreatment and determination of deoxynivalenol (DON) and its metabolite, de-epoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1), in maize and pork samples. After optimization, the method recoveries for DON and DOM-1 ranged from 73 to 85 % with intraday and interday variations less than 9.4 and 9.2 %, respectively. The limits of detection for DON were 4.2 μg kg(-1) in maize and 6.2 and 5.9 μg kg(-1) for DON and DOM-1, respectively, in pork. In addition, an immunoaffinity column (IAC) was prepared. A study comparing the IAC cleanup method, the solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup method, and the proposed SI-USAEME method was presented. The water-based SI-USAEME method could become a simple, low-cost alternative to the conventional IAC and SPE method. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of commercial maize and pork products.