Higher prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant enterobacterales in dogs attended for enteric viruses in brazil before and after treatment with cephalosporins

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T12:38:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-02-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) FONDECYT National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) FONDECYT Iniciacion ANID Millennium Science Initiative/Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance, MICROB-R The extensive use of antibiotics is a leading cause for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among dogs. However, the impact of using antibiotics to treat viral infections on AMR remains unknown. In this study, we compared the prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales (ESCR-E) between dogs with a suspected infection of canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper (CDV) before and after treatment with third-generation cephalosporins. We found a higher prevalence of ESCR-E faecal carriage in dogs suspected of CPV (37%) and CDV (15%) compared to dogs with noninfectious pathologies (9%) even prior to the start of their treatment. A 7-day course of ceftriaxone or ceftiofur administrated to CPV and CDV-suspected dogs substantially increased their ESCR-E faecal carriage during treatment (85% for CPV and 57% for CDV), and 4 weeks after the treatment ended (89% for CPV and 60% for CDV) when dogs were back in their households. Most of the observed resistance was carried by ESCR-E. coli carrying bla(CTX-M) genes. Our results suggest the need to optimize prophylactic antibiotic therapy in dogs treated for a suspected viral infection to prevent ESCR-E emergence and spread in the community. Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Anim Prod & Prevent Vet Med, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Millennium Initiat Collaborat Res Bacterial Resis, Santiago 7550000, Chile Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Escuela Med Vet, Santiago 8940000, Chile Univ Cayetano Heredia Peru, Fac Vet Med & Zootech, Lima 15102, Peru Univ Desarrollo, Fac Med Clin Alemana, Genom & Resistant Microbes Grp, Santiago 7550000, Chile Univ Andres Bello, Fac Ciencias Vida, Dept Ecol & Biodiversidad, Santiago 8320000, Chile Univ Andres Bello, Fac Ciencias Vida, Ctr Invest Sustentabilidad, Santiago 8320000, Chile Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Vet Med & Anim Sci, Dept Anim Prod & Prevent Vet Med, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil CAPES: 001 FONDECYT: 1181167 National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) FONDECYT Iniciacion: 11181017 ANID Millennium Science Initiative/Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance, MICROB-R: NCN17_081