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Shaping the Reproductive System: Role of Semaphorins in Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Development and Function
- Source :
- Neuroendocrinology. 102:200-215
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- S. Karger AG, 2015.
-
Abstract
- The semaphorin proteins, which contribute to the morphogenesis and homeostasis of a wide range of systems, are among the best-studied families of guidance cues. Much recent research has focused on the role of semaphorins in the development and adult activity of hormone systems and, reciprocally, how circulating reproductive hormones regulate their expression and function. Specifically, several reports have focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of semaphorins on the migration, survival and structural and functional plasticity of neurons that secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), essential for the acquisition and maintenance of reproductive competence in mammals. Alterations in the development of this neuroendocrine system lead to anomalous or absent GnRH secretion, resulting in heterogeneous reproductive disorders such as congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) or other conditions characterized by infertility or subfertility. This review summarizes current knowledge of the role of semaphorins and their receptors on the development, differentiation and plasticity of the GnRH system. In addition, the involvement of genetic deficits in semaphorin signaling in some forms of CHH in humans is discussed.
- Subjects :
- Infertility
medicine.medical_specialty
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Morphogenesis
Semaphorins
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Biology
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Prosencephalon
Endocrinology
Semaphorin
Cell Movement
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
Humans
Reproductive system
Receptor
Neurons
Reproductive Physiological Phenomena
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Olfactory Pathways
medicine.disease
Neurosecretory Systems
nervous system
Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism
Signal Transduction
Hormone
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14230194 and 00283835
- Volume :
- 102
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Neuroendocrinology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....45258167e8f09225066935304c2d38a8