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Restoration of Immune Privilege in Human Dermal Papillae Controlling Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions in Hair Formation
- Source :
- Tissue Eng Regen Med
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
-
Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hair follicles are among a handful of organs that exhibit immune privilege. Dysfunction of the hair follicle immune system underlies the development of inflammatory diseases, such as alopecia areata. METHODS: Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and immunostaining was used to confirm the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I in human dermal papilla cells. Through transcriptomic analyses of human keratinocyte stem cells, major histocompatibility complex class I was identified as differentially expressed genes. Organ culture and patch assay were performed to assess the ability of WNT3a conditioned media to rescue immune privilege. Lastly, CD8+ T cells were detected near the hair bulb in alopecia areata patients through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon gamma were verified to induce the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I proteins in dermal papilla cells. Additionally, loss of immune privilege of hair follicles was rescued following treatment with conditioned media from outer root sheath cells. Transcriptomic analyses found 58 up-regulated genes and 183 down-regulated genes related in MHC class I+ cells. Using newborn hair patch assay, we demonstrated that WNT3a conditioned media with epidermal growth factor can restore hair growth. In alopecia areata patients, CD8+ T cells were increased during the transition from mid-anagen to late catagen. CONCLUSION: Identification of mechanisms governing epithelial and mesenchymal interactions of the hair follicle facilitates an improved understanding of the regulation of hair follicle immune privilege. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13770-021-00392-7.
- Subjects :
- Alopecia Areata
Epidermal Growth Factor
integumentary system
Histocompatibility Antigens Class I
Infant, Newborn
Biomedical Engineering
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Immune Privilege
Alopecia areata
Biology
Outer root sheath
medicine.disease
Hair follicle
Major histocompatibility complex
Cell biology
Immune system
medicine.anatomical_structure
Immune privilege
MHC class I
medicine
biology.protein
Humans
Original Article
Hair Follicle
CD8
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 22125469 and 17382696
- Volume :
- 19
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4538c530a34e105d9abf99cca720d604