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Metabolic Spectrum of Liver Failure in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity: From NAFLD to NASH to HCC

Authors :
Da Som Lee
Kwang-Hee Bae
Tae Hyeon An
Hyunmi Kim
Kyoung Jin Oh
Hyun-Ju Park
Won Kon Kim
Source :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 4495, p 4495 (2021), International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publication Year :
2021
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2021.

Abstract

Liver disease is the spectrum of liver damage ranging from simple steatosis called as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Clinically, NAFLD and type 2 diabetes coexist. Type 2 diabetes contributes to biological processes driving the severity of NAFLD, the primary cause for development of chronic liver diseases. In the last 20 years, the rate of non-viral NAFLD/NASH-derived HCC has been increasing rapidly. As there are currently no suitable drugs for treatment of NAFLD and NASH, a class of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes is sometimes used to improve liver failure despite the risk of side effects. Therefore, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of the development and progression of NAFLD and NASH are important issues. In this review, we will discuss the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and NAFLD/NASH-derived HCC and the current promising pharmacological therapies of NAFLD/NASH. Further, we will provide insights into “adipose-derived adipokines” and “liver-derived hepatokines” as diagnostic and therapeutic targets from NAFLD to HCC.

Details

ISSN :
14220067
Volume :
22
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....455decd0410826b372a045ce0db17a3d
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094495