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Current climate, isolation and history drive global patterns of tree phylogenetic endemism
- Source :
- Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(1), 4-15, Global Ecology and Biogeography 29 (2020) 1, Global Ecology and Biogeography, 29(1), 4-15. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- John Wiley & Sons, Ltd (10.1111), 2020.
-
Abstract
- Aim: We mapped global patterns of tree phylogenetic endemism (PE) to identify hotspots and test hypotheses about possible drivers. Specifically, we tested hypotheses related to current climate, geographical characteristics and historical conditions and assessed their relative importance in shaping PE patterns. Location: Global. Time period: We used the present distribution of trees, and predictors covering conditions from the mid-Miocene to present. Major taxa studied: All seed-bearing trees. Methods: We compiled distributions for 58,542 tree species across 463 regions worldwide, matched these to a recent phylogeny of seed plants and calculated PE for each region. We used a suite of predictor variables describing current climate (e.g., mean annual temperature), geographical characteristics (e.g., isolation) and historical conditions (e.g., tree cover at the Last Glacial Maximum) in a spatial regression model to explain variation in PE. Results: Tree PE was highest on islands, and was higher closer to the equator. All three groups of predictor variables contributed substantially to the PE pattern. Isolation and topographic heterogeneity promoted high PE, as did high current tree cover. Among mainland regions, temperature seasonality was strongly negatively related to PE, while mean annual temperature was positively related to PE on islands. Some relationships differed among the major floristic regions. For example, tree cover at the Last Glacial Maximum was a positive predictor of PE in the Palaeotropics, while tree cover at the Miocene was a negative predictor of PE in the Neotropics. Main conclusions: Globally, PE can be explained by a combination of geographical, historical and current factors. Some geographical variables appear to be key predictors of PE. However, the impact of historic and current climate variables differs considerably among the major floristic regions, reflecting their unique histories. Hence, the current distribution of trees is the result of globally relevant geographical drivers and regional climatic histories Refereed/Peer-reviewed
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Biogeography
Distribution (economics)
islands
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
phylogenetic endemism
medicine
climate stability
Bosecologie en Bosbeheer
Endemism
historical contingency
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
biogeography
Global and Planetary Change
Ecology
Phylogenetic tree
business.industry
010604 marine biology & hydrobiology
Last Glacial Maximum
trees
15. Life on land
Seasonality
medicine.disease
PE&RC
Forest Ecology and Forest Management
Tree (data structure)
Geography
Taxon
13. Climate action
business
isolation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1466822X
- Volume :
- 29
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Global Ecology and Biogeography
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4591879ecc27da324840da57aac3a31b