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Anisotropic mechanics and dynamics of a living mammalian cytoplasm
- Source :
- Soft Matter. 15:190-199
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2019.
-
Abstract
- During physiological processes, cells can undergo morphological changes that can result in a significant redistribution of the cytoskeleton causing anisotropic behavior. Evidence of anisotropy in cells under mechanical stimuli exists; however, the role of cytoskeletal restructuring resulting from changes in cell shape in mechanical anisotropy and its effects remain unclear. In the present study, we examine the role of cell morphology in inducing anisotropy in both intracellular mechanics and dynamics. We change the aspect ratio of cells by confining the cell width and measuring the mechanical properties of the cytoplasm using optical tweezers in both the longitudinal and transverse directions to quantify the degree of mechanical anisotropy. These active microrheology measurements are then combined with intracellular movement to calculate the intracellular force spectrum using force spectrum microscopy (FSM), from which the degree of anisotropy in dynamics and force can be quantified. We find that unrestricted cells with aspect ratio (AR) ∼1 are isotropic; however, when cells break symmetry, they exhibit significant anisotropy in cytoplasmic mechanics and dynamics.
- Subjects :
- Microrheology
Cytoplasm
Materials science
Optical Tweezers
Cytoplasmic Streaming
02 engineering and technology
010402 general chemistry
Cell morphology
01 natural sciences
Cell Line
Mice
Motion
Animals
Force spectrum microscopy
Anisotropy
Cell Shape
Cytoskeleton
Cell Size
Isotropy
General Chemistry
Mechanics
Fibroblasts
021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology
Condensed Matter Physics
Biomechanical Phenomena
0104 chemical sciences
Cytoplasmic streaming
Optical tweezers
Rheology
0210 nano-technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17446848 and 1744683X
- Volume :
- 15
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Soft Matter
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4655ac86725e17e0868f431d0a24e604