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Epidemiology of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Its Prevalence and Incidence Worldwide
- Source :
- Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers in Neurology, Vol 11 (2020), Hor, J Y, Asgari, N, Nakashima, I, Broadley, S A, Leite, M I, Kissani, N, Jacob, A, Marignier, R, Weinshenker, B G, Paul, F, Pittock, S J, Palace, J, Wingerchuk, D M, Behne, J M, Yeaman, M R, Fujihara, K & Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation International Clinical Consortium for NMOSD 2020, ' Epidemiology of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder and Its Prevalence and Incidence Worldwide ', Frontiers in Neurology, vol. 11, 501 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00501
- Publication Year :
- 2020
-
Abstract
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an uncommon inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, manifesting clinically as optic neuritis, myelitis, and certain brain and brainstem syndromes. Cases clinically diagnosed as NMOSD may include aquaporin 4 (AQP4)-antibody-seropositive autoimmune astrocytopathic disease, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody-seropositive inflammatory demyelinating disease, and double-seronegative disease. AQP4-antibody disease has a high female-to-male ratio (up to 9:1), and its mean age at onset of ~40 years is later than that seen in multiple sclerosis. For MOG-antibody disease, its gender ratio is closer to 1:1, and it is more common in children than in adults. Its clinical phenotypes differ but overlap with those of AQP4-antibody disease and include acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, brainstem and cerebral cortical encephalitis, as well as optic neuritis and myelitis. Double-seronegative disease requires further research and clarification. Population-based studies over the past two decades report the prevalence and incidence of NMOSD in different populations worldwide. One relevant finding is the varying prevalence observed in different racial groups. Consistently, the prevalence of NMOSD among Whites is ~1/100,000 population, with an annual incidence of
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Pediatrics
Multiple Sclerosis
NMOSD
Population
Clinical Sciences
prevalence
Disease
Review
Neurodegenerative
Autoimmune Disease
lcsh:RC346-429
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Epidemiology
medicine
Psychology
MOG
Optic neuritis
030212 general & internal medicine
Aetiology
education
Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision
lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
education.field_of_study
Neuromyelitis optica
population study
Incidence (epidemiology)
neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Neurosciences
medicine.disease
AQP4
Brain Disorders
Neurology
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis
incidence
Population study
epidemiology
Neurology (clinical)
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
2.4 Surveillance and distribution
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 16642295
- Volume :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Frontiers in neurology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....46b9b487b6fe7a1f67f08433fdf67e57