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Myosin IIA regulates cell motility and actomyosin-microtubule crosstalk
- Source :
- Nature cell biology. 9(3)
- Publication Year :
- 2006
-
Abstract
- Non-muscle myosin II has diverse functions in cell contractility, cytokinesis and locomotion, but the specific contributions of its different isoforms have yet to be clarified. Here, we report that ablation of the myosin IIA isoform results in pronounced defects in cellular contractility, focal adhesions, actin stress fibre organization and tail retraction. Nevertheless, myosin IIA-deficient cells display substantially increased cell migration and exaggerated membrane ruffling, which was dependent on the small G-protein Rac1, its activator Tiam1 and the microtubule moter kinesin Eg5. Myosin IIA deficiency stabilized microtubules, shifting the balance between actomyosin and microtubules with increased microtubules in active membrane ruffles. When microtubule polymerization was suppressed, myosin IIB could partially compensate for the absence of the IIA isoform in cellular contractility, but not in cell migration. We conclude that myosin IIA negatively regulates cell migration and suggest that it maintains a balance between the actomyosin and microtubule systems by regulating microtubule dynamics.
- Subjects :
- rac1 GTP-Binding Protein
Myosin light-chain kinase
Kinesins
macromolecular substances
Biology
Naphthalenes
Transfection
Vinblastine
Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
Microtubules
Microtubule polymerization
chemistry.chemical_compound
Mice
Microtubule
Cell Movement
Myosin
MYH10
Chlorocebus aethiops
Cell Adhesion
Animals
Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
Humans
T-Lymphoma Invasion and Metastasis-inducing Protein 1
Enzyme Inhibitors
RNA, Small Interfering
Actin
Embryonic Stem Cells
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB
Nocodazole
Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA
Thiones
Cell Biology
Actomyosin
Azepines
Fibroblasts
Cell biology
Pyrimidines
chemistry
COS Cells
Aminoquinolines
Cytokinesis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14657392
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature cell biology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....471c612316eb23043526038c2924392b