Epidemiology of urinary tract infections in children: Causative bacteria and antimicrobial therapy

BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in children. This study aimed to review characteristics of causative bacteria and the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy in children with febrile UTIs. METHODS Clinical records of 108 patients (130 episodes) with febrile UTIs admitted to the Kawasaki Medical School Hospital between July 2009 and October 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. The characteristics of the causative bacteria, antibacterial therapy, and therapeutic effect were verified. RESULTS Patients were aged between 0 and 183 months (median age: 3 months). Seventy-three (67.6%) were males. Sixty-three episodes (48.5%) were diagnosed with complicated UTIs. Forty-seven episodes (36.2%) were observed in patients aged