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Urban air pollutants are significant risk factors for asthma and pneumonia in children: the influence of location on the measurement of pollutants
- Source :
- Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), instacron:USP
- Publication Year :
- 2012
-
Abstract
- Air pollution is associated with a substantial burden on human health; however, the most important pollutants may vary with location. Proper monitoring is necessary to determine the effect of these pollutants on respiratory health.This study was designed to evaluate the role of outdoor, indoor and personal exposure to combustion-related pollutants NO(2) and O(3) on respiratory health of children in a non-affluent urban area of São Paulo, Brazil.Levels of NO(2) and O(3) were continuously measured in outdoor and indoor air, as well as personal exposure, for 30 days using passive measurement monitors. Respiratory health was assessed with a Brazilian version of the ISAAC questionnaire.Complete data were available from 64 children, aged 6-10 years. Respiratory morbidity was high, with 43 (67.2%) reporting having had wheezing at any time, 27 (42.2%) wheezing in the last month, 17 (26.6%) asthma at any time and 21 (32.8%) pneumonia at any time. Correlations between levels of NO(2) and O(3) measured in the three locations evaluated were poor. Levels of NO(2) in indoor air and personal exposure to O(3) were independently associated with asthma (both cases P=.02), pneumonia (O(3), P=.02) and wheezing at any time (both cases P.01). No associations were seen between outdoor NO(2) and O(3) and respiratory health.Exposure to higher levels of NO(2) and O(3) was associated with increased risk for asthma and pneumonia in children. Nonetheless, the place where the pollutants are measured influences the results. The measurements taken in indoor and personal exposure were the most accurate.
- Subjects :
- PNEUMONIA
Male
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
Nitrogen Dioxide
Air pollution
medicine.disease_cause
Ozone
Air pollutants
Risk Factors
Environmental health
Poverty Areas
Surveys and Questionnaires
Respiratory morbidity
Medicine
Humans
Respiratory sounds
Child
Asthma
Respiratory Sounds
Vehicle Emissions
Pollutant
Air Pollutants
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Urban Health
General Medicine
Environmental exposure
Environmental Exposure
Pneumonia
medicine.disease
respiratory tract diseases
Air Pollution, Indoor
Housing
Female
Tobacco Smoke Pollution
business
Brazil
Filtration
Environmental Monitoring
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15792129
- Volume :
- 48
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Archivos de bronconeumologia
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....48e941d589b9fa4ce9dfb50b401ac835