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Elucidating Field Retting Mechanisms of Hemp Fibres for Biocomposites: Effects of Microbial Actions and Interactions on the Cellular Micro-morphology and Ultrastructure of Hemp Stems and Bast Fibres
- Source :
- Fernando, D, Thygesen, A, Meyer, A S & Daniel, G 2019, ' Elucidating field retting mechanisms of hemp fibres for biocomposites: Effects of microbial actions and interactions on the cellular micro-morphology and ultrastructure of hemp stems and bast fibres ', BioResources, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 4047-4084 . https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.2.4047-4084
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Field retting is an industrial process for extracting valuable bast fibres from hemp. In this study, molecular, chemical, and scanning electron microscopy studies were employed to understand the field retting mechanisms involving microbiota, including microbial community dynamics, hemp colonization, functions/interactions, and hemp biodegradation. This study for the first time revealed the coexistence of bacterial-fungal interactions during retting and showed progressive microbial breakdown of the stems. Using scanning electron microscopy, evidence for microbial activities/interactions within the stems was obtained, which helped to understand hemp retting mechanisms. The collective findings showed that: a) initially, easily accessible food within the hemp stems attracted and supported microbial invasion and decay, with activities influenced by the stem anatomy, chemistry, and morphology; b) filamentous fungi as key players in the early stages remarkably contributed to efficient fibre defibration; c) extended retting enhanced the bacterial activities, including bacterial-fungal interactions and their dominant role within the community; d) bacterial attraction and activities were promoted by bacterial mycophagy with a set of different phenotypic behaviours for nutrients and fungal highways for transport within the stems; and e) bast fibre degradation leading to inferior quality during prolonged retting was caused by ultrastructural modifications to all of the major fibre cell wall layers.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Retting
Environmental Engineering
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
Chemistry
Bioengineering
Microbial dynamics
Hemp fibres
01 natural sciences
Microbiology (Microbiology in the medical area to be 30109)
Fiber cell
Microbial population biology
Fibre cell wall ultrastructure
010608 biotechnology
Botany
Bast fibre
Ultrastructure
Bacterial-fungal interactions (BFIs)
Bacterial mycophagy
Micro morphology
Waste Management and Disposal
Field retting
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- Swedish
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Fernando, D, Thygesen, A, Meyer, A S & Daniel, G 2019, ' Elucidating field retting mechanisms of hemp fibres for biocomposites: Effects of microbial actions and interactions on the cellular micro-morphology and ultrastructure of hemp stems and bast fibres ', BioResources, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 4047-4084 . https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.2.4047-4084
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4c6705f00269fae0ca7aff654d8d0859