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National estimates from the Youth ’19 Rangatahi smart survey: A survey calibration approach
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0251177 (2021)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Background Significant progress has been made addressing adolescent health needs in New Zealand, but some areas, such as mental health issues remain, particularly for rangatahi Māori (indigenous Māori young people). Little is known about how contemporary Māori whānau (families) and communities influence health outcomes, health literacy and access to services. Previous nationally representative secondary school surveys were conducted in New Zealand in 2001, 2007 and 2012, as part of the Youth2000 survey series. This paper focuses on a fourth survey conducted in 2019 (https://www.youth19.ac.nz/). In 2019, the survey also included kura kaupapa Māori schools (Māori language immersion schools), and questions exploring the role of family connections in health and wellbeing. This paper presents the overall study methodology, and a weighting and calibration framework in order to provide estimates that reflect the national student population, and enable comparisons with the previous surveys to monitor trends. Methods Youth19 was a cross sectional, self-administered health and wellbeing survey of New Zealand high school students. The target population was the adolescent population of New Zealand (school years 9–13). The study population was drawn from three education regions: Auckland, Tai Tokerau (Northland) and Waikato. These are the most ethnically diverse regions in New Zealand. The sampling design was two-stage clustered stratified, where schools were the clusters, and strata were defined by kura schools and educational regions. There were four strata, formed as follows: kura schools (Tai Tokerau, Auckland and Waikato regions combined), mainstream-Auckland, mainstream-Tai Tokerau and mainstream-Waikato. From each stratum, 50% of the schools were randomly sampled and then 30% of students from the selected schools were invited to participate. All students in the kura kaupapa schools were invited to participate. In order to make more precise estimates and adjust for differential non-response, as well as to make nationally relevant estimates and allow comparisons with the previous national surveys, we calibrated the sampling weights to reflect the national secondary school student population. Results There were 45 mainstream and 4 kura schools included in the final sample, and 7,374 mainstream and 347 kura students participated in the survey. There were differences between the sampled population and the national secondary school student population, particularly in terms of sex and ethnicity, with a higher proportion of females and Asian students in the study sample than in the national student population. We calculated estimates of the totals and proportions for key variables that describe risk and protective factors or health and wellbeing factors. Rates of risk-taking behaviours were lower in the sampled population than what would be expected nationally, based on the demographic profile of the national student population. For the regional estimates, calibrated weights yield standard errors lower than those obtained with the unadjusted sampling weights. This leads to significantly narrower confidence intervals for all the variables in the analysis. The calibrated estimates of national quantities provide similar results. Additionally, the national estimates for 2019 serve as a tool to compare to previous surveys, where the sampling population was national. Conclusions One of the main goals of this paper is to improve the estimates at the regional level using calibrated weights to adjust for oversampling of some groups, or non-response bias. Additionally, we also recommend the use of calibrated estimators as they provide nationally adjusted estimates, which allow inferences about the whole adolescent population of New Zealand. They also yield confidence intervals that are significantly narrower than those obtained using the original sampling weights.
- Subjects :
- Male
Self-Assessment
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
Physiology
Health Status
Health Behavior
Social Sciences
Demographic profile
Surveys
Adolescents
Geographical locations
Families
0302 clinical medicine
Sociology
Reproductive Physiology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Copulation
Sampling design
Ethnicities
030212 general & internal medicine
Child
Children
education.field_of_study
Schools
Multidisciplinary
Ecology
Sampling (statistics)
FOS: Sociology
Mental Health
Geography
Physiological Parameters
Research Design
Medicine
Population study
Female
Research Article
Adolescent health
Adolescent
Ecological Metrics
Science
education
Oceania
Population
Adolescent Health
Health literacy
Sample (statistics)
Research and Analysis Methods
Education
03 medical and health sciences
Risk-Taking
Humans
Students
169999 Studies in Human Society not elsewhere classified
Survey Research
Body Weight
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Correction
Biology and Life Sciences
Species Diversity
030227 psychiatry
Cross-Sectional Studies
Adolescent Behavior
Age Groups
People and Places
Quality of Life
Population Groupings
New Zealand
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 5, p e0251177 (2021)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....4d8d09a3fc3d00015d798110f3686e70