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5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated photodynamic therapy and its strain-dependent combined effect with antibiotics on Staphylococcus aureus biofilm
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 3, p e0174627 (2017), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017.
-
Abstract
- Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is hard to be eradicated, not only due to the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains but also because of its ability to form biofilm. Antibiotics are the major approach to treating biofilm infections, but their effects are unsatisfactory. One of the potential alternative treatments for controlling biofilm infections is photodynamic therapy (PDT), which requires the administration of photosensitizer, followed by light activation. 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a natural photosensitizer prodrug, presents favorable characteristics, such as easy penetration and rapid clearance. These advantages enable ALA-based PDT (ALA-PDT) to be well-tolerated by patients and it can be repeatedly applied without cumulative toxicity or serious side effects. ALA-PDT has been proven to be an effective treatment for multidrug resistant pathogens; however, the study of its effect on S. aureus biofilm is limited. Here, we established our PDT system based on the utilization of ALA and a light-emitting diode, and we tested the effect of ALA-PDT on S. aureus biofilm as well as the combined effect of ALA-PDT and antibiotics on S. aureus biofilm. Our results showed that ALA-PDT has a strong antibacterial effect on S. aureus biofilm, which was confirmed by the confocal laser scanning microscope. We also found that lethal photosensitization occurred predominantly in the upper layer of the biofilm, while the residual live bacteria were located in the lower layer of the biofilm. In addition, the improved bactericidal effect was observed in the combined treatment group but in a strain-dependent manner. Our results suggest that ALA-PDT is a potential alternative approach for future clinical use to treat S. aureus biofilm-associated infections, and some patients may benefit from the combined treatment of ALA-PDT and antibiotics, but drug sensitivity testing should be performed in advance.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Confocal Microscopy
Staphylococcus
medicine.medical_treatment
Antibiotics
lcsh:Medicine
Photodynamic therapy
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Toxicology
medicine.disease_cause
Medicine and Health Sciences
Photosensitizer
lcsh:Science
Microscopy
Multidisciplinary
biology
Antimicrobials
Chemistry
Drugs
Light Microscopy
Staphylococcal Infections
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Bacterial Pathogens
Medical Microbiology
Staphylococcus aureus
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Pathogens
Research Article
030103 biophysics
medicine.drug_class
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Research and Analysis Methods
Microbiology
03 medical and health sciences
Antibiotic resistance
Vancomycin
Microbial Control
medicine
Humans
Microbial Pathogens
Pharmacology
Bacteria
Toxicity
lcsh:R
Organisms
Biofilm
Biology and Life Sciences
Bacteriology
Aminolevulinic Acid
biology.organism_classification
Multiple drug resistance
030104 developmental biology
Photochemotherapy
Biofilms
Antibiotic Resistance
lcsh:Q
Antimicrobial Resistance
Bacterial Biofilms
Confocal Laser Microscopy
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....504156752da28f7280d7cc9b12d6f2ed