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Humoral efficacy of the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose in Multiple Sclerosis subjects undergoing different disease-modifying therapies

Authors :
Giorgia Teresa Maniscalco
Antonietta Liotti
Anne Lise Ferrara
Elio Prestipino
Simona Salvatore
Maria Elena Di Battista
Ornella Moreggia
Daniele Di Giulio Cesare
Roberta Vastano
Martina Belardo
Massimo Napolitano
Angelo Ranieri
Katia Longo
Vincenzo Andreone
Veronica De Rosa
Source :
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders. 68:104371
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2022.

Abstract

It remains unclear how vaccine doses and combinations of vaccination and infection affect the magnitude and quality of immune responses, particularly against novel SARS-CoV-2 variants in subjects with immune-related disorders, such as people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). Several studies have evaluated the duration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune protection in healthy individuals; however clinical data suggest an attenuated short-term humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in pwMS receiving disease-modifying therapies (DMTs).In this prospective study, we evaluated the humoral response to the third (3rd) BNT162b2 vaccine (booster) dose in a monocentric cohort of pwMS undergoing eight different DMTs, all without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Quantitative determination of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Spike titre was carried out by anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay in 65 pwMS and 9 healthy controls, all without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, these measurements were also compared to their relative levels at 21 days (T1) and ∼6 months (T2) after the second (2nd) vaccination.We observed that the humoral response to the booster dose in Interferon β-1a-, Dimethyl fumarate- and Teriflunomide-treated pwMS is comparable to healthy controls, while increased in Cladribine-treated pwMS. Additionally, the 3rd dose elicits a seroconversion in the 100% of pwMS under Fingolimod and in the 65% of those under Ocrelizumab. Moreover, multivariate regression analysis showed that treatment with Interferon β-1a, Dimethyl fumarate and Cladribine positively associates with an increased humoral response.Taken together this evidence strongly indicates the importance of the booster dose to enhance SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity especially in immunocompromised subjects, such as pwMS under DMTs.

Details

ISSN :
22110348
Volume :
68
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....53300bd9f0060206ac88cc2f28d9ccd5
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2022.104371