Pyrolysis of boron-crosslinked lignin: Influence on lignin softening and product properties

In this study, ammonium borate was used as an additive to inhibit lignin softening during the pyrolysis process, and the influence on the pyrolysis process and product characteristics were investigated with potential mechanism being explored in depth. Results showed that with boron addition, glassy transition temperature and thermal stability of lignin increased, and the yield of gas and liquid decreased, while the content of CO, CO