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Black liquor gasification integrated in pulp and paper mills: A critical review
- Source :
- Bioresource Technology. 101:8001-8015
- Publication Year :
- 2010
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2010.
-
Abstract
- Black liquor gasification (BLG) has potential to replace a Tomlinson recovery boiler as an alternative technology to increase safety, flexibility and energy efficiency of pulp and paper mills. This paper presents an extensive literature review of the research and development of various BLG technologies over recent years based on low and high temperature gasification that include SCA-Billerud process, Manufacturing and Technology Conversion International (MTCI) process, direct alkali regeneration system (DARS), BLG with direct causticization, Chemrec BLG system, and catalytic hydrothermal BLG. A few technologies were tested on pilot scale but most of them were abandoned due to technical inferiority and very fewer are now at commercial stage. The drivers for the commercialization of BLG enabling bio-refinery operations at modern pulp mills, co-producing pulp and value added energy products, are discussed. In addition, the potential areas of research and development in BLG required to solve the critical issues and to fill research knowledge gaps are addressed and highlighted.
- Subjects :
- Paper
Engineering
Environmental Engineering
Waste management
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
business.industry
Pulp (paper)
Industrial Waste
Bioengineering
Paper mill
General Medicine
engineering.material
Biorefinery
Commercialization
Recovery boiler
Gases
business
Process engineering
Waste Management and Disposal
Black liquor
Biotechnology
Efficient energy use
Alternative technology
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09608524
- Volume :
- 101
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Bioresource Technology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....56283f1a3c380a23f38247037a7ca5ee