Experience of Nurses with Intravenous Fluid Monitoring for Patient Safety: A Qualitative Descriptive Study

Jeongok Park,1 Sang Bin You,2 Hyejin Kim,3 Cheolmin Park,4 Gi Wook Ryu,5 Seongae Kwon,2 Youngkyung Kim,6 Sejeong Lee,6 Kayoung Lee7 1Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, South Korea; 2Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, South Korea; 3Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea; 4Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; 5Department of Nursing, Hansei University, Gunpo-si, South Korea; 6College of Nursing and Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea; 7Gachon University College of Nursing, Incheon, South KoreaCorrespondence: Kayoung Lee, Gachon University College of Nursing, 191 Hambakmoero, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21936, South Korea, Tel +82-32-820-4227, Email kayolee@gachon.ac.krPurpose: Medication administration is a complex process and constitutes a substantial component of nursing practice that is closely linked to patient safety. Although intravenous fluid administration is one of the most frequently performed nursing tasks, nurses’ experiences with intravenous rate control have not been adequately studied. This study aimed to explore nurses’ experiences with infusion nursing practice to identify insights that could be used in interventions to promote safe medication administration.Patients and methods: This qualitative descriptive study used focus group interviews of 20 registered nurses who frequently administered medications in tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through five semi-structured focus group interviews, with four nurses participating in each interview. We conducted inductive and deductive content analysis based on the 11 key topics of patient safety identified by the World Health Organization. Reporting followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist.Results: Participants administered infusions in emergency rooms, general wards, and intensive care units, including patients ranging from children to older adults. Two central themes were revealed: human factors and systems. Human factors consisted of two sub-themes including individuals and team players, while systems encompassed three sub-themes including institutional policy, culture, and equipment.Conclusion: This study found that nurses experienced high levels of stress when administering infusions in the correct dose and rate for patient safety. Administering and monitoring infusions were complicated because nursing processes interplay with human and system factors. Future research is needed to develop nursing interventions that include human and system factors to promote patient safety by reducing infusion-related errors.Keywords: intravenous infusions, medication errors, medication systems, nurses, patient safety