Long-term survival of a randomized phase III trial of head and neck cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiation therapy with or without low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to prevent oral mucositis

Background The impact of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to prevent oral mucositis in patients treated with exclusive chemoradiation therapy remains unknown. This study evaluated the overall, disease-free and progression-free survival of these patients. Methods: Overall, disease-free and progression-free survival of 94 patients diagnosed with oropharynx, nasopharynx, and hypopharynx cancer, who participated on a phase III study, was evaluated from 2007 to 2015. The patients were subjected to conventional radiotherapy plus cisplatin every 3 weeks. LLLT was applied with an InGaAlP diode (660 nm–100 mW–1 J–4 J/cm 2 ). Results With a median follow-up of 41.3 months (range 0.7–101.9), patients receiving LLLT had a statistically significant better complete response to treatment than those in the placebo group (LG = 89.1%; PG = 67.4%; p = 0.013). Patients subjected to LLLT also displayed increase in progression-free survival than those in the placebo group (61.7% vs. 40.4%; p = 0.030; HR:1:93; CI 95%: 1.07–3.5) and had a tendency for better overall survival (57.4% vs. 40.4%; p = 0.90; HR:1.64; CI 95%: 0.92–2.91). Conclusion This is the first study to suggest that LLLT may improve survival of head and neck cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy. Further studies, with a larger sample, are necessary to confirm our findings.