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Implementing artificial insemination as an effective tool for ex situ conservation of endangered avian species
- Source :
- Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC, instname
- Publication Year :
- 2008
-
Abstract
- Approximately 503 of the known species of birds are classified as 'endangered' or 'critical'. Captive propagation programs have proven useful in maintaining genetic diversity and restoring wild populations of certain species, including the Peregrine falcon, California condor and Whooping crane. Artificial insemination (AI) has the potential of solving problems inherent to reproductive management of small, closed populations of endangered birds, including dealing with demographic instability, physical and behavioral disabilities, sexual incompatibility, lack of synchrony, and need to maintain gene diversity. In this review, we address the necessary methods and factors that allow AI to be applied effectively to manage rare bird populations. It is clear that semen availability and quality are the greatest limiting factors to implementing consistently successful AI for birds. Behavioral sensitivity to animal handling and the ability to minimize stress in individual birds also are keys to success. Multiple, deep vaginal inseminations can improve fertility, particularly when semen quality is marginal. Laparoscopic methods of semen transfer also have produced fertile eggs. All of these practices leading to successful AI remain dependent on having adequate basic knowledge on female reproductive status, copulatory behavior, endocrine profiles and duration of fertility, especially as related to oviposition. The overall greatest challenge and highest priority is defining these normative traits, which are highly species-specific. © 2008.
- Subjects :
- Male
Genetic diversity
Conservation of Natural Resources
Equine
Artificial insemination
medicine.medical_treatment
media_common.quotation_subject
Endangered species
Zoology
Fertility
Biology
Ex situ conservation
Insemination
Predation
Semen quality
Food Animals
medicine
Animals
Animal Science and Zoology
Female
Small Animals
Insemination, Artificial
media_common
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 0093691X
- Volume :
- 71
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Theriogenology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5742b9910832fc8502de4e10f96253b5