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Unveiling the confusion in renal fusion anomalies: role of imaging
- Source :
- Abdominal radiology (New York). 46(9)
- Publication Year :
- 2021
-
Abstract
- Renal fusion anomalies are common congenital anomalies of the urogenital tract and have their genesis in the early embryonic period. They are classified into partial fusion anomalies (e.g., crossed fused ectopia, and horseshoe kidney) and complete fusion anomalies (e.g., fused pelvic kidney). Horseshoe kidney is the most common renal fusion anomaly and is characterized by the presence of two distinct functioning kidneys on either side of the vertebral column, with fusion occurring at the inferior poles in majority of the cases. Crossed fused ectopia is characterized by the presence of an ectopic kidney that crosses the midline and fuses with the orthotopic contralateral kidney, whereas fused pelvic (pancake) kidney is a complete fusion anomaly characterized by extensive medial fusion of both kidneys in the pelvis. Fusion anomalies are often associated with abnormalities of renal rotation, migration, and vascular supply, which predispose the kidneys to a number of complications and create difficulty during retroperitoneal surgeries and interventions. They are also associated with other congenital abnormalities of the urogenital tract, gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system, and skeletal system. Hence, a thorough understanding of the etiopathogenesis and radiological features of fusion anomalies is important for directing patient management. This review summarizes the embryological basis, clinical presentation and imaging approach to renal fusion anomalies, followed by detailed anatomical and radiological description of the morphological types, and the complications associated with these anomalies.
- Subjects :
- Diagnostic Imaging
Urology
Kidney
030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Medicine
Humans
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Fused Kidney
Pelvis
Pelvic kidney
Radiological and Ultrasound Technology
business.industry
Genitourinary system
Gastroenterology
Horseshoe kidney
Anatomy
medicine.disease
Ectopic kidney
Spine
medicine.anatomical_structure
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Kidney Diseases
Presentation (obstetrics)
business
Vertebral column
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 23660058
- Volume :
- 46
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Abdominal radiology (New York)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....579ad4a1d99990f6a53b669557279ddc