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B cell receptor repertoire kinetics after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination

Authors :: Kotagiri, Prasanti
Mescia, Federica
Rae, William M.
Bergamaschi, Laura
Tuong, Zewen K.
Turner, Lorinda
Hunter, Kevin
Gerber, Pehuén P.
Hosmillo, Myra
Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease-National Institute of Health Research (CITIID-NIHR) COVID-19 BioResource Collaboration
Hess, Christoph
Clatworthy, Menna R.
Goodfellow, Ian G.
Matheson, Nicholas J.
McKinney, Eoin F.
Wills, Mark R.
Gupta, Ravindra K.
Bradley, John R.
Smith, Kenneth G.C.
Source :: Cell Reports, 38 (7)
Publication Year :: 2022
Publisher :: ETH Zurich, 2022.
Abstract: B cells are important in immunity to both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and vaccination, but B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire development in these contexts has not been compared. We analyze serial samples from 171 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals and 63 vaccine recipients and find the global BCR repertoire differs between them. Following infection, immunoglobulin (Ig)G1/3 and IgA1 BCRs increase, somatic hypermutation (SHM) decreases, and, in severe disease, IgM and IgA clones are expanded. In contrast, after vaccination, the proportion of IgD/M BCRs increase, SHM is unchanged, and expansion of IgG clones is prominent. VH1-24, which targets the N-terminal domain (NTD) and contributes to neutralization, is expanded post infection except in the most severe disease. Infection generates a broad distribution of SARS-CoV-2-specific clones predicted to target the spike protein, while a more focused response after vaccination mainly targets the spike's receptor-binding domain. Thus, the nature of SARS-CoV-2 exposure differentially affects BCR repertoire development, potentially informing vaccine strategies.<br />Cell Reports, 38 (7)<br />ISSN:2666-3864<br />ISSN:2211-1247