Latex sensitization in children with spina bifida: follow-up comparative study after two years

Background Previous findings suggest that sensitization to latex in children with spina bifida is a dynamic process. Objective To study if changes appear in the sensitization status after withdrawal of latex. Methods We studied a consecutive sample of 68 children with spina bifida, by means of latex skin prick tests and quantification of serum latex-specific IgE on two separate occasions two years apart. Results Forty-four (65%) were classified as nonsensitized, 6 (9%) showed indeterminate results, and 18 (26%) were sensitized to latex, six of whom had clinical reactions to latex. They were instructed to avoid latex. In a second evaluation, 2 years later, 38 (56%) were classified as nonsensitized, 3 (4%) as indeterminate, and 27 (40%) as sensitized to latex, 11 of whom had presented latex symptoms. This meant 22% of spina bifida children demonstrated progressive sensitization, in spite of having adopted a latex-free environment at our hospital. It illustrates the progressive character of latex sensitization in these patients. Conclusion Latex avoidance measures both in the medical and home settings must be stressed. We recommend that children with spina bifida should be periodically evaluated regarding latex sensitization.