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Comparative Study on the Effects of Ethanol Proportion on the Particle Numbers Emissions in a Combined Injection Engine
- Source :
- Energies, Vol 12, Iss 9, p 1788 (2019), Energies, Volume 12, Issue 9
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2019.
-
Abstract
- Ethanol has significant potential for the reduction of fuel consumption and the emissions of engines. In this paper, a dual-fuel combined engine test rig with ethanol injected in the intake port and gasoline injected directly into the cylinder are developed and the effects of ethanol/gasoline ratio (Re) on the combustion and emission of particle numbers are investigated experimentally. The results indicate that the peak in-cylinder temperature (Tmax) decreases continuously with the increase of the ethanol/gasoline ratio (Re). For particle emissions, ethanol can significantly reduce the accumulation mode particle number (APN) at low engine speed<br />and the lowest number of particulates are at G25 (the gasoline ratio is 25% of the fuel) at low load. And at high engine load, the total particle number (TPN) is insensitive to speed with large ethanol fraction and TPN is relatively small. With the decrease of Re (Re &lt<br />50%), TPN rises sharply . When the direct injection timing advances, TPN reduces continuously and the effects caused by speed can be neglected. On the contrary, the speed has significant effects on particle emissions at various ignition times. At low speed, increasing ignition advance can cause the increase of the TPN<br />which is contrary to the effects of particle emissions at medium engine speed. And the effect of ignition timing at high speed on particle number is not obvious. The ignition timing for which the lowest TPN is reached will increase with the direct injection timing advances.
- Subjects :
- Control and Optimization
Materials science
Particle number
020209 energy
particle number emissions
Analytical chemistry
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
02 engineering and technology
Combustion
lcsh:Technology
Cylinder (engine)
law.invention
020401 chemical engineering
dual-fuel engine
law
0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
Ethanol fuel
0204 chemical engineering
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Gasoline
Engineering (miscellaneous)
lcsh:T
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
ethanol/gasoline
combined injection
Ignition system
Particle
Ignition timing
Energy (miscellaneous)
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19961073
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Energies
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5b012a8c08702ee3e5da700a2d146656