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Anogenital distance in children born of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome: the Odense Child Cohort
- Source :
- Glintborg, D, Jensen, R C, Schmedes, A V, Brandslund, I, Kyhl, H B, Nielsen, T K & Andersen, M S 2019, ' Anogenital distance in children born of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome : the Odense Child Cohort ', Human reproduction (Oxford, England), vol. 34, no. 10, pp. 2061-2070 . https://doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez122
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2019.
-
Abstract
- STUDY QUESTIONAre higher testosterone levels during pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) associated with longer offspring anogenital distance (AGD)?SUMMARY ANSWERAGD was similar in 3-month-old children born of mothers with PCOS compared to controls.WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADYAGD is considered a marker of prenatal androgenization.STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATIONMaternal testosterone levels were measured by mass spectrometry at Gestational Week 28 in 1127 women. Maternal diagnosis of PCOS before pregnancy was defined according to Rotterdam criteria. Offspring measures included AGD from anus to posterior fourchette (AGDaf) and clitoris (AGDac) in girls and to scrotum (AGDas) and penis (AGDap) and penile width in boys and body composition (weight and BMI SD scores) at age 3 months.PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODSThe study was part of the prospective study, Odense Child Cohort (OCC), and included mothers with PCOS (n = 139) and controls (n = 1422). The control population included women with regular menstrual cycles (MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCEAGD measures were comparable in offspring of women with PCOS compared to controls (all P > 0.2) despite significantly higher maternal levels of total testosterone (mean: 2.4 versus 2.0 nmol/l) and free testosterone (mean: 0.005 versus 0.004 nmol/l) in women with PCOS versus controls (both P LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTIONThe diagnosis of PCOS was based on retrospective information and questionnaires during pregnancy. Women participating in OCC were more ethnically homogenous, leaner, more educated and less likely to smoke compared to the background population. Our study findings, therefore, need to be reproduced in prospective study cohorts with PCOS, in more obese study populations and in women of other ethnicities.WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGSOur finding of the same AGD in girls born of mothers with PCOS compared to controls expands previous results of studies reporting longer AGD in adult women with PCOS. Our results suggest that longer AGD in adult women with PCOS could be the result of increased testosterone levels in puberty, perhaps in combination with weight gain.STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)Financial grants for the study were provided by the Danish Foundation for Scientific Innovation and Technology (09-067180), Ronald McDonald Children Foundation, Odense University Hospital, the Region of Southern Denmark, the Municipality of Odense, the Mental Health Service of the Region of Southern Denmark, The Danish Council for Strategic Research, Program Commission on Health, Food and Welfare (2101-08-0058), Odense Patient data Explorative Network, Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant no. NNF15OC00017734), the Danish Council for Independent Research and the Foundation for research collaboration between Rigshospitalet and Odense University Hospital and the Health Foundation (Helsefonden). There is no conflict of interest of any author that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Offspring
Pregnancy Trimester, Third
Population
Anal Canal
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Body Mass Index
Vulva
03 medical and health sciences
Sex Factors
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
Odense Child Cohort
Humans
Medicine
Testosterone
anogenital distance
Prospective Studies
education
Prospective cohort study
Retrospective Studies
education.field_of_study
030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine
offspring
business.industry
Obstetrics
Body Weight
Rehabilitation
Anogenital distance
Infant, Newborn
Infant
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Testosterone (patch)
medicine.disease
Polycystic ovary
Reproductive Medicine
polycystic ovary syndrome
Case-Control Studies
testosterone
Cohort
Scrotum
Female
business
Maternal Age
Penis
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14602350 and 02681161
- Volume :
- 34
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Human Reproduction
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....5eb22142d2478ac311f03f2619deaa5a