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The Roles of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in Cell-Cycle Progression and Therapeutic Strategies in Human Breast Cancer
- Source :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 6, p 1960 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are serine/threonine kinases whose catalytic activities are regulated by interactions with cyclins and CDK inhibitors (CKIs). CDKs are key regulatory enzymes involved in cell proliferation through regulating cell-cycle checkpoints and transcriptional events in response to extracellular and intracellular signals. Not surprisingly, the dysregulation of CDKs is a hallmark of cancers, and inhibition of specific members is considered an attractive target in cancer therapy. In breast cancer (BC), dual CDK4/6 inhibitors, palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib, combined with other agents, were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently for the treatment of hormone receptor positive (HR+) advanced or metastatic breast cancer (A/MBC), as well as other sub-types of breast cancer. Furthermore, ongoing studies identified more selective CDK inhibitors as promising clinical targets. In this review, we focus on the roles of CDKs in driving cell-cycle progression, cell-cycle checkpoints, and transcriptional regulation, a highlight of dysregulated CDK activation in BC. We also discuss the most relevant CDK inhibitors currently in clinical BC trials, with special emphasis on CDK4/6 inhibitors used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+)/human epidermal growth factor 2-negative (HER2−) M/ABC patients, as well as more emerging precise therapeutic strategies, such as combination therapies and microRNA (miRNA) therapy.
- Subjects :
- Antineoplastic Agents
Breast Neoplasms
Review
Palbociclib
Catalysis
CDK inhibitor
Inorganic Chemistry
lcsh:Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
Cyclin-dependent kinase
medicine
Humans
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Abemaciclib
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Protein Kinase Inhibitors
Spectroscopy
Clinical Trials as Topic
biology
Kinase
business.industry
breast cancer (BC)
Organic Chemistry
Cell Cycle
Cancer
General Medicine
Cell cycle
cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)
medicine.disease
Metastatic breast cancer
Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
Computer Science Applications
clinic therapy
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
chemistry
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
biology.protein
Cancer research
Female
biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14220067
- Volume :
- 21
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....60c571ae1434c6a64e087ab2d37d68f7