Combination of Arachidonic Acid and Guanosine 5′-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate) Induces Translocation of rac p21s to Membrane and Activation of NADPH Oxidase in a Cell-Free System

The superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in phagocytes consists of membrane-associated cytochrome b558 and three cytosolic components named p67-phox, p47-phox, and rac p21s. In a cell-free system consisting of membrane and cytosol, the oxidase can be activated with guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTP gamma S) and an unsaturated fatty acid such as arachidonic acid (AA). Incubation of cytosol and membrane with AA alone caused clear translocation of p47-phox and p67-phox to the membrane, but only slight translocation of rac p21s. GTP gamma S alone did not significantly induce the translocation of rac p21s. However, GTP gamma S in combination with AA markedly augmented rac p21s translocation to the membrane. The translocation of rac p21s is not induced by GDP or GDP beta S. These results indicate that the GTP-bound active form of rac p21s is the entity that is translocated to the membrane by the action of AA.