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Xuezhikang contributes to greater triglyceride reduction than simvastatin in hypertriglyceridemia rats by up-regulating apolipoprotein A5 via the PPARα signaling pathway
- Source :
- PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 9, p e0184949 (2017), PLoS ONE
- Publication Year :
- 2017
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017.
-
Abstract
- Xuezhikang (XZK), an extract of Chinese red yeast rice, is recommended as an optimal choice for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with markedly elevated triglyceride (TG) levels. This study was designed to compare the hypotriglyceridemic effects between XZK and simvastatin. The role of apolipoprotein A5 (apoA5), a key regulator of TG metabolism and a target gene of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), was to be identified in XZK-related hypotriglyceridemic actions. For these goals, hypertriglyceridemia of rats was induced by a high-fructose diet. In order to investigate the hypotriglyceridemic effects of XZK and simvastatin on these animals based on an equivalent low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering power, we titrated their doses (XZK 80 mg/kg/d versus simvastatin 1 mg/kg/d) according to plasma LDL-C reduction of rats. Similarly, we titrated the target doses of the two agents (XZK 500 μg/ml versus simvastatin 10 μM) according to hepatocyte LDL receptor expressions, and then compared the effects of the two agents on TG and apoA5 of hepatocytes in vitro. Our results showed that XZK (80 mg/kg/d) had higher hypotriglyceridemic performance than simvastatin (1 mg/kg/d) on these animals albeit their equivalent LDL-C lowering power. Higher plasma apoA5 levels and hepatic apoA5 expressions were observed in rats treated with XZK (80 mg/kg/d) than simvastatin (1 mg/kg/d). Further, XZK (80 mg/kg/d) contributed to higher hepatic PPARα expressions of rats than simvastatin (1 mg/kg/d). Although the two agents led to an equivalent up-regulation of LDL receptors of hepatocytes, more TG reduction and apoA5 elevation were detected in hepatocytes treated with XZK (500 μg/ml) than simvastatin (10 μM). However, PPARα knockdown eliminated the above effects of XZK on hepatocytes. Therefore, our study indicates that XZK has greater hypotriglyceridemic performance than simvastatin in the setting of an equivalent LDL-C lowering power, which is attributed to more apoA5 up-regulation by this agent via the PPARα signaling pathway.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Simvastatin
Physiology
lcsh:Medicine
030204 cardiovascular system & hematology
Fructoses
Biochemistry
Vascular Medicine
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
Animal Cells
Blood plasma
Medicine and Health Sciences
Coronary Heart Disease
lcsh:Science
Receptor
Cells, Cultured
Hypertriglyceridemia
Multidisciplinary
Organic Compounds
Anticholesteremic Agents
Monosaccharides
Drugs
Lipids
Blood proteins
Body Fluids
Chemistry
Blood
Liver
Physical Sciences
lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Cellular Types
Anatomy
Research Article
medicine.drug
medicine.medical_specialty
Lipoproteins
Carbohydrates
Cardiology
Blood Plasma
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
medicine
Red yeast rice
Animals
PPAR alpha
Triglycerides
Pharmacology
Plasma Proteins
Triglyceride
Organic Chemistry
lcsh:R
Statins
Chemical Compounds
Biology and Life Sciences
Proteins
Cell Biology
Lipid Metabolism
medicine.disease
Rats
Apolipoproteins
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Gene Expression Regulation
chemistry
Apolipoprotein A-V
LDL receptor
Hepatocytes
lcsh:Q
Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Volume :
- 12
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLOS ONE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....624323ca5a77bd1c4ed5bbbe469861da