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Chemical Characterization, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity and In-silico Studies of n-hexane Extract and Essential Oils from Citrus limon Leaves

Authors :
Muhammad Riaz
Rahman Qadir
Muhammad Tahir Akhtar
Muhammad Misbah ur Rehman
Farooq Anwar
Rida Eman
Muhammad Fayyaz ur Rehman
Muhammad Safwan Akram
Source :
Chemistrybiodiversity.
Publication Year :
2022

Abstract

The present study investigates the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial bioactivities of essential oil and n-hexane extract from Citrus limon leaves. The isolation of essential oil was carried out using the Clevenger apparatus. The percentage yield of essential oil and n-hexane extract from Citrus limon leaves was 0.59 and 0.50%, respectively. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay highlighted that Citrus limon leaves essential oil (CLEO) and n-hexane extract exhibited the significant antioxidant potential of 69.64 and 67.55%, respectively, compared to the BHT standard. Similarly, a significant inhibition in linoleic acid peroxidation was recorded in both CLEO (81.93%) and n-hexane extract (50.34%). Characterization of chemical constituents in CLEO and extract was executed using GC-MS, where Limonene was detected as a major compound in CLEO (60.52%) and n-hexane extract (73.62%). The haemolytic activity ranged from 2.46 to 5.75% revealing negligible cytotoxicity of CLEO and n-hexane extract. In silico studies agree with the in vitro antimicrobial studies, where vinimalol, taraxasterol, and moretenol present in CLEO showed strong interactions/inhibition against dihydroorotase and DNA gyrase from E. coli, and the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase and DNA gyrase from S. aureus. Based on the current data, it may be concluded that both CLEO and n-hexane extract possessed significant bioactivities, such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, with minimal cytotoxicity.

Details

ISSN :
16121880
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Chemistrybiodiversity
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....67a033b4bfd67687f8f89543661b066c