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Effect of Dietary Sodium Restriction on Human Urinary Metabolomic Profiles
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- American Society of Nephrology, 2015.
-
Abstract
- Background and objectives Metabolomics is a relatively new field of “-omics” research, focusing on high-throughput identification of small molecular weight metabolites. Diet has both acute and chronic effects on metabolic profiles; however, alterations in response to dietary sodium restriction (DSR) are completely unknown. The goal of this study was to explore changes in urine metabolites in response to DSR, as well as their association with previously reported improvements in vascular function with DSR. Design, setting, participants, & measurements Using stored urine samples from a 10-week randomized placebo-controlled crossover study of DSR in 17 middle-aged/older adults (six men and 11 women; mean age 62±8 years) who had moderately elevated systolic BP (130–159 mmHg) and were otherwise healthy, a liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry–based analysis of 289 metabolites was performed. This study identified metabolites that were significantly altered between the typical (153±29 mmol/d) and low (70±29 mmol/d) sodium conditions, as well as their baseline (typical sodium) association with responsiveness to previously reported improvements in vascular endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation) and large elastic artery stiffness (aortic pulse wave velocity). Results Of the 289 metabolites surveyed, 10 were significantly altered (nine were upregulated and one was downregulated) during the low sodium condition, and eight of these exceeded our prespecified clinically significant threshold of a >40% change. These metabolites were involved in biologic pathways broadly related to cardiovascular risk, nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, osmotic regulation, and metabolism. One metabolite, serine, was independently (positively) associated with previously reported improvements in the primary vascular outcome of brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. Conclusions This proof-of-concept study provides the first evidence that DSR is a stimulus that induces significant changes in urinary metabolomic profiles. Moreover, serine was independently associated with corresponding changes in vascular endothelial function after DSR. Larger follow-up studies will be required to confirm and further elucidate the metabolic pathways that are altered in response to DSR.
- Subjects :
- Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Colorado
Time Factors
Urinalysis
Brachial Artery
Epidemiology
Metabolite
Urinary system
Blood Pressure
Pulse Wave Analysis
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
chemistry.chemical_compound
Metabolomics
Vascular Stiffness
Double-Blind Method
medicine.artery
Internal medicine
medicine
Serine
Humans
Brachial artery
Pulse wave velocity
Aged
Transplantation
Cross-Over Studies
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
Original Articles
Recovery of Function
Diet, Sodium-Restricted
Middle Aged
Crossover study
Vasodilation
Endocrinology
Treatment Outcome
chemistry
Nephrology
Regional Blood Flow
Hypertension
Female
business
Biomarkers
Low sodium
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6ab9e191b835363235dc7fc716a06ab3