Reverse Pump Theory

Users, researchers and engineers require a fundamental knowledge of reverse pump theory. In this chapter first, a complete description of all PAT components is given. Then, the theory of small reverse pumps is described, based on the results of theoretical analyses, experiments and numerical simulations. PAT characteristic and efficiency curves are introduced and, the influence of pump size and rotational speed on such curves is considered. The possibility of using numerical simulations instead of experimental results is discussed. Finally, additional aspects like cavitation and the incidence of pressure surges are presented and different tools, commonly used for PAT sizing and hydropower plant design, are described. The reader will be prepared, by means of the theoretical basis provided, for the comprehension of the hydraulic and mechanical processes connected with a PAT operation.