Post-transplant day +100 MRD detection rather than mixed chimerism predicts relapses after allo-SCT for intermediate risk AML patients transplanted in CR

BACKGROUND Chimerism and minimal residual disease (MRD) are suggested to be prognostic for post-transplant relapses in AML patients. Nevertheless, the predictive values of both approaches in homogeneous population remain underinvestigated. Here, we suggest that MRD may have a higher predictive value for relapses than mixed chimerism (MC) in intermediate risk AML patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS 79 patients with intermediate risk AML (male, n=40, median age, 57 (19-77)) were included. MRD detection on day +100 was performed in bone marrow (multiparameter flow cytometry and quantitative real-time PCR for NPM1-mutated patients). Chimerism analysis was measured in peripheral blood. MC was defined as persistence of