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Sustained high levels of serum interferon-γ during HIV-1 infection: a specific trend different from other cytokines
- Source :
- Viral immunology. 23(6)
- Publication Year :
- 2010
-
Abstract
- The expression levels of various cytokines increase with the progression of HIV-1 infection. However, the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on serum cytokine levels have not been fully determined. In this study we measured serum cytokine levels of 35 HIV-1-infected Japanese adults. We first performed a cross-sectional study and observed that TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-18, and IL-7 levels all showed significant increases in those with advanced disease, and that this had a significant negative correlation with the CD4 cell count. However, IFN-γ levels did not show this relationship. A longitudinal study in 18 HIV-1-infected patients with a CD4 cell count350/μL revealed that the introduction of ART reduced cytokine levels. Significant reductions of IL-7, IL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-18 levels were observed on days 30, 60, 90, and 90 after the initiation of ART, respectively. These results indicate a discrepancy between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of serum levels of IFN-γ. To clarify this, we investigated serum IFN-γ levels in each patient. In 5 of the 15 patients IFN-γ levels did not decrease, even after ART initiation, and remained at 5 pg/mL or higher on day 120 after ART initiation. Higher IFN-γ levels (5 pg/mL) were also observed in 2 of 7 asymptomatic patients, and 2 of 11 patients who underwent ART for 1 year or longer. These data demonstrate that IFN-γ levels in some patients increased and remained high even after the initiation of ART, which was a specific observation different from those of the other cytokines.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Longitudinal study
medicine.medical_treatment
Immunology
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
HIV Infections
Interferon-gamma
Blood serum
Asian People
Interferon
Virology
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
medicine
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Interleukin 6
Aged
biology
business.industry
Interleukin
Middle Aged
Viral Load
Interleukin 10
Cytokine
Cross-Sectional Studies
biology.protein
HIV-1
Molecular Medicine
Cytokines
Interleukin 18
Female
business
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 15578976
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Viral immunology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6e7000d1245ee7ef8254deddda4407c6