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Motor Control of Landing from a Jump in Simulated Hypergravity
- Source :
- PLoS One, Vol. 10, no.10, p. e0141574 (2015), PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2015, 10 (10), pp.e0141574. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0141574⟩, PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e0141574 (2015)
- Publication Year :
- 2015
- Publisher :
- Public Library of Science, 2015.
-
Abstract
- International audience; On Earth, when landing from a counter-movement jump, muscles contract before touchdown to anticipate imminent collision with the ground and place the limbs in a proper position. This study assesses how the control of landing is modified when gravity is increased above 1 g. Hypergravity was simulated in two different ways: (1) by generating centrifugal forces during turns of an aircraft (A300) and (2) by pulling the subject downwards in the laboratory with a Subject Loading System (SLS). Eight subjects were asked to perform counter-movement jumps at 1 g on Earth and at 3 hypergravity levels (1.2, 1.4 and 1.6 g) both in A300 and with SLS. External forces applied to the body, movements of the lower limb segments and muscular activity of 6 lower limb muscles were recorded. Our results show that both in A300 and with SLS, as in 1 g: (1) the anticipation phase is present; (2) during the loading phase (from touchdown until the peak of vertical ground reaction force), lower limb muscles act like a stiff spring, whereas during the second part (from the peak of vertical ground reaction force until the return to the standing position), they act like a compliant spring associated with a damper. (3) With increasing gravity, the preparatory adjustments and the loading phase are modified whereas the second part does not change drastically. (4) The modifications are similar in A300 and with SLS, however the effect of hypergravity is accentuated in A300, probably due to altered sensory inputs. This observation suggests that otolithic information plays an important role in the control of the landing from a jump.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Male
Acceleration
lcsh:Medicine
Kinematics
Electromyography
Hypergravity
Damper
Weight-Bearing
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Motor control
medicine
[SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]
Humans
Knee
[PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph]
lcsh:Science
Musculoskeletal System
Physics
Landing
Multidisciplinary
Hip
Jump
medicine.diagnostic_test
Muscles
[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience
lcsh:R
Touchdown
030229 sport sciences
Mechanics
Middle Aged
Biomechanical Phenomena
lcsh:Q
Female
Joints
Ankle
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Research Article
Sports
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19326203
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- PLoS One, Vol. 10, no.10, p. e0141574 (2015), PLoS ONE, PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2015, 10 (10), pp.e0141574. ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0141574⟩, PLoS ONE, Vol 10, Iss 10, p e0141574 (2015)
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....6ebe953c193be953a35265a7f27bcd20