Single-Pass Mikrokeratome and Anterior Chamber Pressurizer for the Ultrathin Descemet-Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Preparation

To compare the reliability of microkeratome dissection with the anterior chamber pressurizer (ACP) system versus conventional pressurization for ultrathin Descemet-stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) graft preparation.A retrospective review of a consecutive series of dissected donor corneas processed at Pavia Eye Bank for UT-DSAEK surgery was performed. Grafts were prepared through single-pass microkeratome dissection with artificial anterior chamber internal pressure regulation through either ACP or the conventional method using a water column with tube clamp. The target central graft thickness (CGT) was ≤100 μm. Cutting predictability was determined as the difference between the microkeratome head size and the thickness actually removed. Graft regularity was investigated as central-to-peripheral thickness increase, central-to-peripheral (CP) ratio, and graft thickness uniformity. Thickness was measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (horizontal and vertical meridians).Of the 265 UT-DSAEK grafts, ACP achieved the target "CGT ≤ 100 μm" in 87 of 120 (72.5%), whereas the conventional technique achieved the same in 85 of 145 (58.6%) (P = 0.018). ACP predictability was -3.9 μm (SD: 2.3), whereas predictability of the conventional technique was -54.6 μm (SD: 3.7) (P0.001). Thickness increased similarly (P = 0.212); CP ratio was better with ACP for only 2 mm diameter (P = 0.001); graft thickness uniformity was comparable (P0.05).Compared with conventional pressurization, ACP improved microkeratome-assisted preparation reliability of UT-DSAEK grafts, achieving CGT ≤ 100 μm with significantly higher frequency (P = 0.018) and predictability (P0.001). ACP improved CP ratio only at 2 mm (P = 0.001); for other graft thickness, the 2 methods proved equivalent.