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Palaeo-Eskimo genetic ancestry and the peopling of Chukotka and North America
- Source :
- Nature
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Much of the American Arctic was first settled 5,000 years ago, by groups of people known as Palaeo-Eskimos. They were subsequently joined and largely displaced around 1,000 years ago by ancestors of the present-day Inuit and Yup’ik1–3. The genetic relationship between Palaeo-Eskimos and Native American, Inuit, Yup’ik and Aleut populations remains uncertain4–6. Here we present genomic data for 48 ancient individuals from Chukotka, East Siberia, the Aleutian Islands, Alaska, and the Canadian Arctic. We co-analyse these data with data from present-day Alaskan Inupiat and West Siberian populations and published genomes. Using methods based on rare-allele and haplotype sharing, as well as established techniques4,7–9, we show that Palaeo-Eskimo-related ancestry is ubiquitous among people who speak Na-Dene and Eskimo–Aleut languages. We develop a comprehensive model for the Holocene peopling events of Chukotka and North America, and show that Na-Dene-speaking peoples, people of the Aleutian Islands, and Yup’ik and Inuit across the Arctic region all share ancestry from a single Palaeo-Eskimo-related Siberian source. DNA analysis of ancient individuals and modern populations suggests that the population history of North America can be explained by the admixture of two ancestral lineages—Palaeo-Eskimos and First Peoples.
- Subjects :
- 0303 health sciences
education.field_of_study
peopling of Chukotka and North America
Multidisciplinary
060102 archaeology
Native american
Genetic genealogy
Population
Population genetics
Genetic relationship
06 humanities and the arts
Palaeo-Eskimo
Article
ancient DNA
03 medical and health sciences
Phylogeography
Geography
Arctic
Ethnology
0601 history and archaeology
education
Holocene
030304 developmental biology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Nature
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7171b9334f5088cf17a4c420ffe27b90