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Sibling status, home birth, tattoos and stitches are risk factors for chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Senegalese children: A cross‐sectional survey
- Source :
- Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Wiley-Blackwell, In press, ⟨10.1111/jvh.13589⟩, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2021, 28 (11), pp.1515-1525. ⟨10.1111/jvh.13589⟩, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Wiley-Blackwell, 2021, 28 (11), pp.1515-1525. ⟨10.1111/jvh.13589⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- HAL CCSD, 2021.
-
Abstract
- International audience; Sub-Saharan Africa's hepatitis B virus (HBV) burden is primarily due to infection in infancy. However, data on chronic HBV infection prevalence and associated risk factors in children born post-HBV vaccination introduction are scarce. We estimated hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence and risk factors in Senegalese children born during the HBV vaccination era. In 2018-2019, a community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Senegal among children born between 2004 and 2015 (ie after the three-dose HBV vaccine series was introduced (2004) but before the birth dose's introduction (2016)). HBsAg-positive children were identified using dried blood spots. A standardized questionnaire collected socioeconomic information. Data were age-sex weighted and calibrated to be representative of children living in the study area. Risk factors associated with HBsAg positivity were identified using negative binomial regression. Among 1,327 children, 17 were HBsAg-positive (prevalence = 1.23% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-1.85)). Older age (adjusted incidence-rate ratio [aIRR] 1.31 per one-year increase, 95% CI 1.10-1.57), home vs healthcare facility delivery (aIRR 3.55, 95% CI 1.39-9.02), stitches (lifetime) (aIRR 4.79; 95% CI 1.84-12.39), tattoos (aIRR 8.97, 95% CI 1.01-79.11) and having an HBsAg-positive sibling with the same mother (aIRR 3.05, 95% CI 1.09-8.57) were all independently associated with HBsAg positivity. The low HBsAg prevalence highlights the success of the Senegalese HBV vaccination program. To further reduce HBV acquisition in children, high-risk groups, including pregnant women and siblings of HBsAg-positive individuals, must be screened. Vital HBV infection prevention measures include promoting delivery in healthcare facilities, and increasing awareness of prevention and control procedures.
- Subjects :
- HBsAg
Cross-sectional study
medicine.disease_cause
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Infection control
risk factors
030212 general & internal medicine
[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Home Childbirth
[SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
child
Tattooing
virus diseases
Hepatitis B
[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance
Senegal
3. Good health
Vaccination
Infectious Diseases
[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases
Female
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Hepatitis B virus
prevalence
03 medical and health sciences
Hepatitis B, Chronic
Virology
medicine
Humans
Hepatitis B Vaccines
Sibling
Aged
Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
Hepatology
business.industry
Siblings
[SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology
medicine.disease
[SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
digestive system diseases
Cross-Sectional Studies
hepatitis B
business
Home birth
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 13520504 and 13652893
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Wiley-Blackwell, In press, ⟨10.1111/jvh.13589⟩, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2021, 28 (11), pp.1515-1525. ⟨10.1111/jvh.13589⟩, Journal of Viral Hepatitis, Wiley-Blackwell, 2021, 28 (11), pp.1515-1525. ⟨10.1111/jvh.13589⟩
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....71aea56feec6fbe729f465441e9b125c