Luteolin, a novel p90 ribosomal S6 kinase inhibitor, suppresses proliferation and migration in leukemia cells

Ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) are directly regulated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling and are implicated in cell growth, survival, motility and senescence. The present study observed that RSK1 was overexpressed in primary untreated leukemia patient bone marrow samples compared with the expression at the complete remission stage, using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In addition, a high RSK1 expression (relative expression ≥10) was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival (P=0.038) compared with that in patients with low RSK1 expression (relative expression