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The Multifaceted Bacterial Cysteine Desulfurases: From Metabolism to Pathogenesis
- Source :
- Antioxidants, Vol 10, Iss 997, p 997 (2021), Antioxidants
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2021.
-
Abstract
- Living cells have developed a relay system to efficiently transfer sulfur (S) from cysteine to various thio-cofactors (iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters, thiamine, molybdopterin, lipoic acid, and biotin) and thiolated tRNA. The presence of such a transit route involves multiple protein components that allow the flux of S to be precisely regulated as a function of environmental cues to avoid the unnecessary accumulation of toxic concentrations of soluble sulfide (S2−). The first enzyme in this relay system is cysteine desulfurase (CSD). CSD catalyzes the release of sulfane S from L-cysteine by converting it to L-alanine by forming an enzyme-linked persulfide intermediate on its conserved cysteine residue. The persulfide S is then transferred to diverse acceptor proteins for its incorporation into the thio-cofactors. The thio-cofactor binding-proteins participate in essential and diverse cellular processes, including DNA repair, respiration, intermediary metabolism, gene regulation, and redox sensing. Additionally, CSD modulates pathogenesis, antibiotic susceptibility, metabolism, and survival of several pathogenic microbes within their hosts. In this review, we aim to comprehensively illustrate the impact of CSD on bacterial core metabolic processes and its requirement to combat redox stresses and antibiotics. Targeting CSD in human pathogens can be a potential therapy for better treatment outcomes.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Physiology
DNA repair
Clinical Biochemistry
Review
RM1-950
Biochemistry
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Fe-S cluster
thio-cofactors
Molecular Biology
Regulation of gene expression
chemistry.chemical_classification
030102 biochemistry & molecular biology
Cysteine desulfurase
Molybdopterin
ROS
Cell Biology
Metabolism
030104 developmental biology
Enzyme
chemistry
cysteine desulfurase (CSD)
redox
Therapeutics. Pharmacology
Flux (metabolism)
Cysteine
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20763921
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 997
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Antioxidants
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....73c31b588dd791c6022373365bbb1e99