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Alphavirus infection: host cell shut-off and inhibition of antiviral responses
- Source :
- Viruses, 8(6), Viruses 8 (2016) 6, Viruses, Vol 8, Iss 6, p 166 (2016), Viruses
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Alphaviruses cause debilitating disease in humans and animals and are transmitted by blood-feeding arthropods, typically mosquitoes. With a traditional focus on two models, Sindbis virus and Semliki Forest virus, alphavirus research has significantly intensified in the last decade partly due to the re-emergence and dramatic expansion of chikungunya virus in Asia, Europe, and the Americas. As a consequence, alphavirus–host interactions are now understood in much more molecular detail, and important novel mechanisms have been elucidated. It has become clear that alphaviruses not only cause a general host shut-off in infected vertebrate cells, but also specifically suppress different host antiviral pathways using their viral nonstructural proteins, nsP2 and nsP3. Here we review the current state of the art of alphavirus host cell shut-off of viral transcription and translation, and describe recent insights in viral subversion of interferon induction and signaling, the unfolded protein response, and stress granule assembly.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
Translation
Sindbis virus
Virulence Factors
viruses
lcsh:QR1-502
Laboratory of Virology
Review
Alphavirus
Viral Nonstructural Proteins
Semliki Forest virus
medicine.disease_cause
lcsh:Microbiology
Virus
Unfolded protein response
Laboratorium voor Virologie
03 medical and health sciences
Interferon
Virology
Sindbis
medicine
Animals
Humans
Stress granule assembly
Chikungunya
Alphavirus infection
Immune Evasion
biology
Alphavirus Infections
virus diseases
biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
PE&RC
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Immunity, Innate
3. Good health
030104 developmental biology
Infectious Diseases
Antiviral response
Stress granules
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Semliki forest
Host shut-off
Transcription
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 19994915
- Volume :
- 8
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7952273d62b14aabba06e47780834b9a