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Landscape genetic inferences vary with sampling scenario for a pond-breeding amphibian
- Source :
- Ecology and Evolution
- Publication Year :
- 2018
-
Abstract
- A critical decision in landscape genetic studies is whether to use individuals or populations as the sampling unit. This decision affects the time and cost of sampling and may affect ecological inference. We analyzed 334 Columbia spotted frogs at 8 microsatellite loci across 40 sites in northern Idaho to determine how inferences from landscape genetic analyses would vary with sampling design. At all sites, we compared a proportion available sampling scheme (PASS), in which all samples were used, to resampled datasets of 2–11 individuals. Additionally, we compared a population sampling scheme (PSS) to an individual sampling scheme (ISS) at 18 sites with sufficient sample size. We applied an information theoretic approach with both restricted maximum likelihood and maximum likelihood estimation to evaluate competing landscape resistance hypotheses. We found that PSS supported low‐density forest when restricted maximum likelihood was used, but a combination model of most variables when maximum likelihood was used. We also saw variations when AIC was used compared to BIC. ISS supported this model as well as additional models when testing hypotheses of land cover types that create the greatest resistance to gene flow for Columbia spotted frogs. Increased sampling density and study extent, seen by comparing PSS to PASS, showed a change in model support. As number of individuals increased, model support converged at 7–9 individuals for ISS to PSS. ISS may be useful to increase study extent and sampling density, but may lack power to provide strong support for the correct model with microsatellite datasets. Our results highlight the importance of additional research on sampling design effects on landscape genetics inference.
- Subjects :
- 0106 biological sciences
Restricted maximum likelihood
Inference
Land cover
Biology
010603 evolutionary biology
01 natural sciences
Gene flow
03 medical and health sciences
Statistics
Sampling design
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
030304 developmental biology
Nature and Landscape Conservation
Original Research
0303 health sciences
Ecology
Resistance (ecology)
Sampling (statistics)
landscape genetics
15. Life on land
Columbia spotted frog
Circuitscape
Sample size determination
connectivity
amphibian ecology
sampling schemes
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 20457758
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Ecology and evolution
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7ae6bacf0c7ae6c953cd8cc813d0bbc3