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Exercise Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Sarcopenia. A Systematic Umbrella Review
- Source :
- The journal of nutrition, health & aging, Vol. 23, no. 6, p. 494-502 (2019), The journal of nutrition, health and aging
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the efficacy of different exercise interventions to counter sarcopenia in older adults. This review will allow the Belgian Society of Gerontology and Geriatrics and other scientific societies to formulate specific exercise recommendations in their Clinical Guidelines for Sarcopenia. Design: We used the method of a systematic umbrella-review. Based on the level of evidence, we formulated specific recommendations for clinical practice. Methods: Two databases (Pubmed and Web Of Science) were searched systematically and methodological quality of the reviews was assessed. Extracted data was than mapped to an exercise category and an overall synthesis (bottom line statements) was formulated for each of these exercise categories. Subsequently, we assigned a rating of the quality of the evidence supporting each bottom line statement. Results: We identified 14 systematic reviews or meta-analyses, encompassing four exercise categories: resistance training, resistance training + nutritional supplementation, multimodal exercise programmes and bloodflow restriction training. Importantly, very few systematic reviews or meta-analyses clearly mentioned baseline sarcopenia status. There is high quality evidence for a positive and significant effect of resistance training on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. The added effect of nutritional supplementation for resistance training on muscle function appears limited. Blood flow restriction training is a novel training method that has a significant impact on muscle strength. Conclusion: Since sarcopenia is affecting all skeletal muscles in the body, we recommend training the large muscle groups in a total body approach. Although low-intensity resistance training (≤50% 1RM) is sufficient to induce strength gains, we recommend a high-intensity resistance training program (i.e. 80% 1RM) to obtain maximal strength gains. Multimodal exercises and blood flow restriction resistance training may be considered as well.
- Subjects :
- medicine.medical_specialty
Sarcopenia
Nutritional Supplementation
030309 nutrition & dietetics
education
Medicine (miscellaneous)
Muscle mass
Physical performance
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Physical medicine and rehabilitation
medicine
Humans
Exercise
Muscle Strength
030212 general & internal medicine
Muscle Mass
Aged
Geriatrics
0303 health sciences
Nutrition and Dietetics
Exercise intervention
business.industry
Evidence-based medicine
medicine.disease
Exercise Therapy
Systematic review
Physical Performance
Human medicine
Geriatrics and Gerontology
business
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 17604788 and 12797707
- Volume :
- 23
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The journal of nutrition, healthaging
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7b4b4662a231f3c9f56e11148be9bb6d