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Protective properties of milk sphingomyelin against dysfunctional lipid metabolism, gut dysbiosis, and inflammation
- Source :
- The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, The Journal of nutritional biochemistry, 2019, 73, pp.108224. ⟨10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108224⟩
- Publication Year :
- 2019
- Publisher :
- Elsevier BV, 2019.
-
Abstract
- The identification of natural bioactive compounds aimed at promoting optimal gut health and improving lipid metabolism is paramount in the prevention of chronic disease. In this review, we summarize basic science and clinical research examining the protective properties of milk sphingomyelin (SM) against dysfunctional lipid metabolism, gut dysbiosis, and inflammation. Dietary SM dose-dependently reduces the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, triglycerides, and fatty acids in cell culture and rodent studies. Overall, rodent feeding studies show dietary milk SM, milk polar lipid mixtures, and milk fat globule membrane reduce serum and hepatic lipid concentrations. Furthermore, these hypolipidemic effects are observed in some supplementation studies in humans, although the extent of reductions in serum cholesterol is typically smaller and only one trial was conducted with purified SM. Dietary milk SM has been reported to affect the gut microbiota in rodent studies and its hydrolytic product, sphingosine, displays bactericidal activity in vitro. Milk SM may also improve gut barrier function to prevent the translocation of inflammatory gut bacteria-derived molecules. Current evidence from pre-clinical studies indicates that dietary milk SM has protective properties against dysfunctional lipid metabolism, gut dysbiosis, and inflammation. The hypolipidemic effects of milk SM observed in animal studies have been reported in some human studies, although the magnitude of such effects is typically smaller. More research is warranted to clearly define how dietary milk SM influences lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, and inflammation in humans.
- Subjects :
- 0301 basic medicine
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Clinical Biochemistry
Gut flora
Biochemistry
Sphingolipid
Intestinal absorption
Cholesterol, Dietary
chemistry.chemical_compound
Gut barrier
2. Zero hunger
Nutrition and Dietetics
biology
Lipids
Polar lipids
Sphingomyelins
3. Good health
Milk
Cholesterol
Liver
Digestion
Animal studies
Sphingomyelin
medicine.medical_specialty
Gut microbiota
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
Humans
Molecular Biology
Inflammation
030109 nutrition & dietetics
Sphingosine
Lipid metabolism
Lipid Metabolism
biology.organism_classification
Dietary Fats
Diet
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Intestinal Absorption
Dyslipidemia
chemistry
Diet, Western
Dysbiosis
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 09552863
- Volume :
- 73
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7bbc27c61d4789873c2cb2e0b2ce965a