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Associations of adultāattained height and early life energy restriction with postmenopausal breast cancer risk according to estrogen and progesterone receptor status
- Source :
- International Journal of Cancer, 144(8), 1844-1857. Wiley
- Publication Year :
- 2018
- Publisher :
- Wiley, 2018.
-
Abstract
- Adult-attained height is a marker for underlying mechanisms, such as cell growth, that may also influence postmenopausal breast cancer (BC) risk, perhaps specifically hormone-sensitive BC subtypes. Early life energy restriction may inhibit these mechanisms, resulting in shorter height and a reduced postmenopausal BC risk. Women (62,573) from the Netherlands Cohort Study completed a self-administered questionnaire in 1986 when 55-69 years old, and were followed-up for 20.3 years (case-cohort: N-subcohort = 2,438; N-cases = 3,354). Cox multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated for BC risk overall and by estrogen and progesterone receptor subtypes in relation to height and early life energy restriction during the Hunger Winter, War Years, and Economic Depression. Although energy restriction can only influence longitudinal growth in women exposed before and/or during the growth spurt, it may also influence BC risk when occurring after the growth spurt, possibly through different growth processes. Therefore, Cox analyses were additionally conducted according to timing of energy restriction in relation to the growth spurt. Height was associated with an increased BC risk (HRper 5cm = 1.07, 95%CI:1.01-1.13), particularly hormone receptor-positive BC. Energy restriction before and/or during the growth spurt was associated with a decreased hormone receptor-positive BC risk. Energy restriction during the Hunger Winter increased the estrogen receptor-negative BC risk regardless of the timing of energy restriction. In conclusion, height and energy restriction before and/or during the growth spurt were both associated with hormone receptor-positive BC risk, in the direction as expected, indicating critical exposure windows for hormonal growth-related mechanisms.
- Subjects :
- Cancer Research
breast cancer epidemiology
BIRTH
medicine.drug_class
NETHERLANDS
CHILDHOOD
Physiology
Breast Neoplasms
03 medical and health sciences
AGE
0302 clinical medicine
Breast cancer
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
FAMINE
Progesterone receptor
Humans
estrogen receptor status
Medicine
WORLD-WAR-II
adult-attained height
Prospective cohort study
progesterone receptor status
Estrogen Receptor Status
Aged
CONSEQUENCES
business.industry
energy restriction
Hazard ratio
Feeding Behavior
Middle Aged
Progesterone Receptor Status
medicine.disease
Body Height
Postmenopause
Receptors, Estrogen
PROSPECTIVE COHORT
Oncology
Estrogen
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
GROWTH
Female
WEIGHT
Energy Intake
Food Deprivation
Receptors, Progesterone
business
Follow-Up Studies
Cohort study
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10970215 and 00207136
- Volume :
- 144
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- International Journal of Cancer
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7cbbdc1827ef7bcf7fce53e71a309df3