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Acute encephalitis in pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome associated with COVID-19
- Source :
- European Journal of Paediatric Neurology
- Publication Year :
- 2021
- Publisher :
- Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Paediatric Neurology Society., 2021.
-
Abstract
- Objective To characterize neurological involvement in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical, electroencephalographic, CSF and neuroradiological parameters recorded in seven children (3 males, aged 3–10 years) affected by MIS-C with acute neurological involvement. Results All cases presented acute encephalopathy with drowsiness, irritability, mood deflection and diffuse EEG slowing with periodic posterior complexes. Focal neurological signs, normal brain MRI and CSF, were present in four patients; these patients received intravenous methylprednisolone at 30 mg/kg/day for 3 days. In all cases, the clinical picture rapidly improved in the first three days, and all neurological symptoms and EEG abnormalities disappeared within 10 and 30 days respectively. The severity and duration of the EEG abnormalities was proportional to the extent of the neurological involvement. Conclusions Patients with MIS-C may present acute encephalitis characterized by rapid-onset encephalopathy and EEG abnormalities (slow wave activity and/or epileptic abnormalities), in some cases associated with focal neurological signs that disappear with immunomodulatory therapy. The detection through neurological evaluation of sentinel neurological signs and distinctive EEG patterns documentable at disease onset will allow timely diagnosis and treatment of these cases.
- Subjects :
- Male
Pediatrics
medicine.medical_specialty
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Encephalopathy
Neurological symptoms
IVMP, intravenous methylprednisolone
Electroencephalography
Irritability
IVIg, intravenous immunoglobulins
SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Article
medicine
Humans
Child
EEG abnormalities
Retrospective Studies
medicine.diagnostic_test
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
Eeg abnormalities
COVID-19
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)
General Medicine
medicine.disease
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Acute encephalitis
Encephalitis
Neurology (clinical)
medicine.symptom
MIS-C, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
business
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15322130 and 10903798
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- European Journal of Paediatric Neurology
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7d65ab28b88113872b6c77eff7327c74