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TFOS DEWS II Epidemiology Report
- Source :
- Ocular Surface. 15(3):334-365
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- The subcommittee reviewed the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, natural history, morbidity and questionnaires reported in epidemiological studies of dry eye disease (DED). A meta-analysis of published prevalence data estimated the impact of age and sex. Global mapping of prevalence was undertaken. The prevalence of DED ranged from 5 to 50%. The prevalence of signs was higher and more variable than symptoms. There were limited prevalence studies in youth and in populations south of the equator. The meta-analysis confirmed that prevalence increases with age, however signs showed a greater increase per decade than symptoms. Women have a higher prevalence of DED than men, although differences become significant only with age. Risk factors were categorized as modifiable/non-modifiable, and as consistent, probable or inconclusive. Asian ethnicity was a mostly consistent risk factor. The economic burden and impact of DED on vision, quality of life, work productivity, psychological and physical impact of pain, are considerable, particularly costs due to reduced work productivity. Questionnaires used to evaluate DED vary in their utility. Future research should establish the prevalence of disease of varying severity, the incidence in different populations and potential risk factors such as youth and digital device usage. Geospatial mapping might elucidate the impact of climate, environment and socioeconomic factors. Given the limited study of the natural history of treated and untreated DED, this remains an important area for future research.
- Subjects :
- Male
0301 basic medicine
Gerontology
Quality of life
medicine.medical_specialty
IMMUNOGLOBULIN-LIKE RECEPTOR
Natural history
VISUAL FUNCTION QUESTIONNAIRE
Disease
PRIMARY SJOGRENS-SYNDROME
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
QUALITY-OF-LIFE
Surveys and Questionnaires
VETERANS AFFAIRS POPULATION
Epidemiology
VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE
medicine
Prevalence
Humans
Ocular Surface Disease Index
Dry eye disease
Societal cost
Risk factor
GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION
Socioeconomic status
business.industry
Questionnaire
Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence
MEIBOMIAN-GLAND DYSFUNCTION
STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Ophthalmology
Cross-Sectional Studies
030104 developmental biology
030221 ophthalmology & optometry
Dry Eye Syndromes
Female
business
Demography
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 15420124
- Volume :
- 15
- Issue :
- 3
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Ocular Surface
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7f500e6a9be105b2b965c5676b6c34e4