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Clinical implications of miRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer

Authors :
Satyanarayana Rachagani
Dhanya Haridas
Seema Chugh
Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu
Muzafar A. Macha
Nicholas Heimann
Surinder K. Batra
Source :
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. 81:16-33
Publication Year :
2015
Publisher :
Elsevier BV, 2015.

Abstract

Despite considerable progress being made in understanding pancreatic cancer (PC) pathogenesis, it still remains the 10th most often diagnosed malignancy in the world and 4th leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States with a five year survival rate of only 6%. The aggressive nature, lack of early diagnostic and prognostic markers, late clinical presentation, and limited efficacy of existing treatment regimens make PC a lethal cancer with high mortality and poor prognosis. Therefore, novel reliable biomarkers and molecular targets are urgently needed to combat this deadly disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short (19-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNA molecules implicated in the regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional level and play significant roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. Aberrant expression of miRNAs has been reported in several cancers including PC and is implicated in PC pathogenesis and progression, suggesting their utility in diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. In this review, we summarize the role of several miRNAs that regulate various oncogenes (KRAS) and tumor suppressor genes (p53, p16, SMAD4, etc.) involved in PC development, their prospective roles as diagnostic and prognostic markers and as a therapeutic targets.

Details

ISSN :
0169409X
Volume :
81
Database :
OpenAIRE
Journal :
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
Accession number :
edsair.doi.dedup.....805d8daec0679785c46749a2d09e78c2
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.020